Treatment of prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is a common male reproductive system cancer, prostate cancer incidence rates are very different at home and abroad. Have a higher prevalence countries in Europe and the United States, the East relatively low incidence of prostate cancer. However, in recent years, the incidence rate in our country rise. It is estimated that among men over the age of 50, about 40% of people are suffering from a small area of prostate cancer. However, only 8% of men will develop clinical disease, as noted, only 3% will die from this disease. In most cases, prostate cancer in older men, slow development, and will not cause death. Prostate cancer treatment, mainly surgery, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immune therapy. The specific choice of what method should be based on patient's age, body conditions, the local scope of cancer and the transfer of the case may be.

(1) surgical treatment: 1) radical prostatectomy, and its scope, including the prostate gland and the prostate capsule; 2) pelvic lymph node dissection; 3) transurethral resection of the prostate is mainly used to lift the bladder neck obstruction.

(2) and adrenal endocrine therapy: At present, endocrine law has advanced prostate cancer, especially prostate cancer, the main treatment. 1) estrogen drugs; 2) anti-androgen drugs, including steroids and non-steroid categories; 3) gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRH-A); 4) Anti-adrenal drugs.

(3) reduce male hormone testosterone, endocrine surgical treatment of prostate cancer: 1) orchiectomy, often conducted jointly with other treatment methods, you can obtain a better therapeutic effect; 2), adrenalectomy and pituitary surgery, in the clinical less effective for patients with greater damage, now is not used.

(4) Chemical treatment: Chemical treatment of prostate cancer in 1973 for clinical, many scholars believe that the effect of two drugs in combination than alone a drug well.

(5) radiation therapy: The radiation treatment of prostate cancer has been more than 60 years of history, mainly in the following ways: 1) in vitro radiotherapy; 2) radiation within the organization, this approach often associated with radical prostatectomy or pelvic lymph node dissection in conjunction ; 3) total body irradiation: a certain extent, ease the pain of bone metastasis and reduce the local lesion development.

(6) Frozen prostate cancer treatment: This method is suitable for large size of prostate cancer, patients with poor general condition, can promote the patient's immune ability, so that bone and lung metastases degradation. Due to the need of special equipment, is not yet widely used.

(7) immune therapy: When patients with prostate cancer and other treatments reduced to a negligible amount, the application of immunotherapy to cleanse the body of a small amount of residual cancer institutions, might achieve better results.

Prostate cancer, genitourinary system tumors account for about 4%. Old age in men is more common forms of cancer. Almost all prostate cancer occurs in the lateral prostate, showing latent slow-growing, therefore, cancer is very small without any clinical manifestations. And benign prostate enlargement and prostatitis produce similar symptoms and cancer. Prostate cancer may be related to age, high-fat, vasectomies, genetic factors, smoking, contact with heavy metals, inappropriate and sexually transmitted diseases related to sexual life.