Conventional treatment of ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer is one of the most common tumor of female genital incidence second only to cervical and uterine cancer and the column ranks third. But those who died of ovarian cancer accounts for various types of gynecological tumors in the first pose a serious threat to women's lives. Because embryonic ovary development, anatomical and endocrine function in the organization more complex it may be suffering from a tumor is benign or malignant. Early symptoms of ovarian cancer because of clinical and identify their organization very difficult to type and benign and malignant ovarian carcinoma by laparotomy in ovarian tumor was found confined to only 30%, most of the bilateral annex has spread to the uterus, omentum and pelvic organs, so in terms of ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment is indeed a big problem for many years the experts of ovarian cancer in pathological, clinical occurrence and development of laws and treatment programs in a lot of discussions have accumulated a great deal of experience to the current So far, clinical data on the domestic and international statistics, in its five-year survival rate of only 25% ~ 30%.

Ovarian cancer treatment guidelines, based on a variety of surgery-based methods, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy and other integrated applications. Surgery is not only the most effective treatment methods, but is to determine the staging and diagnosis of a clear understanding of the scope of the main method of disseminated disease. Ovarian cancer surgery not only to emphasize the thoroughness of the first surgery, but also to avoid unnecessary over-enlargement surgery. The scope of ovarian cancer should be routine surgery and two accessories for the whole resection of the uterus and then increase the omentum resection.

But the basic principles of surgery in patients with advanced, is not life-threatening situations in patients, in addition to routine as much as possible the scope of operation, it would need as much as possible removal of the primary lesion and all metastatic lesions; if not entirely removed, it is best to make residual lesions 2cm in diameter below, because a small postoperative residual lesions, especially in diameter <2cm nodules that can be used with chemotherapy to control their development, and even caused their elimination, while achieving long-term remission or even cure of hope. This is the so-called tumor debulking surgery or massive resection (cytoreductive or debulking surgery), which is a unique treatment of ovarian cancer, surgical method.

Ovarian cancer may choose surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, because of its pathological type of complex, qualitative, positioning the diagnosis and staging without laparoscopy or laparotomy is difficult to clear. Thus, other than cases of unresectable tumors or substantially understand the type of surgery in patients with systemic situation can not be competent, could try before chemotherapy or radiotherapy after surgery were re-consider, as appropriate, the generally preferred surgery. Surgical exploration can be further clarified the scope of tumor types and involving, clear staging, not only for surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy provide the basis, but as far as possible tumor resection surgery, postoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy can also create conditions to improve the curative effect.

(A) surgical treatment of ovarian cancer surgery is the most important means of the estimated tumor can not be removed unless the clinical and surgical contraindications, should be the first surgery.

1, comprehensive staging laparotomy to determine: for the preoperative diagnosis of stage I ovarian cancer patients. Including full removal of the uterus and pairs of accessories and omental resection, pelvic and abdominal para-aortic lymphadenectomy, peritoneal cytology (ascites or pelvic, peritoneal lavage fluid).

2, cytoreductive surgery: application for more than II patients.

3, the second duct exploration: OK success cytoreductive surgery a year, has implemented at least six courses of chemotherapy, clinical examination and laboratory examinations (including the tumor marker CA125, etc.) showed no abnormality, re-laparotomy surgery.

(B) the majority of cancer radiation therapy, for a variety of radiation therapy effects are poor. Thus, in the treatment of malignant ovarian tumor was not first consider the radiation therapy. After exploratory laparotomy proved to be malignant ovarian tumor was not able to resection, viable X-ray irradiation in vitro. However, the amount of ascites were not multi-line radiotherapy.

(C) Chemical treatment of ovarian cancer are mostly better response to chemotherapy. In recent years, rapid progress in cancer chemotherapy in the treatment of ovarian cancer occupies an important position, enhancing the therapeutic effect of ovarian cancer to play an active role, can be used as surgical adjuvant therapy, commonly used in the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative, but often require a longer period of intermittent medication, and the toxicity of the human body is sometimes greater. In most cases, surgery is difficult to ovarian cancer, the primary foci and metastases excision, especially the cultivation of small particles nodules; also have some patients should not be willing to surgical treatment, then consideration should be given chemotherapy based comprehensive treatment.